Analysis of the Jurors in 12 Angry Men :: 12 Angry Men, Reginald Rose

In all criminal cases presented in the courts of the United States, a defendant is presumed innocent until proven disgraced beyond reasonable doubt. The law requires the jury to release the defendant unless it is fully convinced of the defendants guilt. Many times it may be difficult for a jury to come to such a significant conclusion. This is clearly evident in the movie 12 Angry Men. At first, each juror is convinced of his verdict except one. barely of those who are convinced that the boy on trial is guilty, all change their vote except one. A precise example of this would be a comparison between Juror 3 and Juror 6. Both jurors have heard the same case and have studied the same evidence. Yet of the two, Juror 3 does not understand why anyone would consider the defendant not guilty. By taking a closer look at this causa one may be able to understand why he seems to have no compassion towards the young boy. At first, Juror 3 appears to be a successful businessman who owns a me ssenger service. Yet as time goes on, one may see him as a sour and upset man. He wants to base the case solely on the evidence presented at the trial. Throughout the meeting in the jury room, Juror 3 disregards all former(a) evidence brought up by Juror 8 and the former(a)s. He says that the evidence revealed may not be accurate or true. Therefore, it should not be interpreted into consideration. As time goes on he becomes more and more passionate and seems to be somehow personally involved with the case. At one point, he tells the other jurors about an argument between him and his son. Juror 3 and his son had an argument which made his son run away. When his son returned to apologize, Juror 3 hit him for release the first time thus leading him to run away once more. He has not seen his son in two years and this has left him roughly bitter inside. His anger toward his supposed ungrateful son is projected toward the young man on trial. Juror 3 has no concern for the life of the d efendant. He makes it clear that he would have been an executioner and would have pulled the switch on the boy himself. His personal troubles have imposed on his ability to come to a verdict.

Home-Schooling Essay -- Arguementative Persuasive Education Essays

Home-Schooling Whether or non to business firm-school your children is a controversial issue for thousands of parents every year. Do you want to let your children go out on their own or keep them safe(p) at home where you can monitor their ripening? Many parents choose to home-school their children and there are plenty of arguments for and against this decision. When it all comes down to it the decision will be based on the socio-economic status of the family, as to whether they can afford to feature one parent at home tutoring the child, instead of out working and also whether or not they feel it is safe enough to let their children go to the public schools. Home-schooling a child could be a very good decision if a child had special needs. program line them at home would enable the parents to monitor the development of the child and make certain(predicate) they dont fall behind and are completely ready to move on to the next level of learning, where they might fall behind in a public learning institution. The parent(s) could offer the child extremely individualized attention that is oft harder to find in a public school with large numbers of students, many who also have special needs. Home schooling is also a good choice for family?s who want to truly have control over what their children are taught. Possibly more religious families would want to make sure that in addition to the subjects they have to teach by law, that they teach their children about religion and other things they find important. They cannot be taught these things in a public institution, and if a family finds these topics of serious interest and necessity for their children to learn, home schooling would be the best way to go about tea... ...to experience the everyday interactions that they would if they were at school. By not attending school the child does not experience time without his/her family, which is an important part of a child?s life. Overall, the decision of whether or not to home-school a child will inevitably have to go through a lot of factors before a decision is made. All parents will have their child?s best interests in mind and the decision will come down to personal choice and personal beliefs of the parents. Whether or not home schooling is essentially good or bad for a child, is a debate which will be going on for years to come, and has strong arguments for and against.Bibliographydoyen Schabner. ?Home schooling offers alternative, challenge for parents and kids.? 20 November 20, 2003

A Review of Peter Brown’s Augustine of Hippo Essay -- Augustine Hippo

A Review of shaft browns Augustine of Hippo Peter Browns Augustine of Hippo is a dense, scholarly written report outlining the entire life of the Catholic bishop. The University of California Press in Berkeley, California published the work in 1967. My version was the 1973 second paperback printing, found in the University library. Its smallish, scholarly, serifed, typewritten font allows for a instant respect for the subject matter the words are at first imposing, but then revealing as their serious tone complements the complexity of the text. The pages are studded with footnotes, filling out this work with evidence of Browns exhaustive research. There is a three-page preface before the work, and, after the work, a seventeen-page bibliography, and ten-page index. Browns book is organized, like any scholarly biography, chronologically according to Augustines life. It is separated into five parts, each corresponding to significant portions of Augustines life his pagan life, his con version, his actions against the Donatists, his actions against Pelagians, and his final legacy and death. Each part opens with a chronological table of events both directly involving Augustine and the world he lived in. The first part begins with Africa, a chapter detailing the section of northern Africa its Greco-Roman literary and political history, painting a picture of the world Augustine came from. The next chapter, titled Monica, describes Augustines parents, particularly his mother, and their religious beliefs and socioeconomic status. Education, the third chapter, is about the future bishops earlier education, focusing on his introduction to his favorite school subject, Latin literature. T... ...uum Writing the City of God, rather than just City of God. (This chapter is actually misprinted in the table of circumscribe as Opus Magnum rather than Magnum Opus, a small error, but one easy enough to catch in proofreading, for this second paperback edition. Also, Brown has a p enchant for Latin or French phrases, inserted randomly to convey special meaning this could be forgivable if they were translated or explained, even in the spacious footnotes they are not, leaving the layman reader frequently confused and agitated. But, this book is not intended for the layman it is a scholarly work, and most readers would be in his arena of antiquity, and most probably know Latin, and be more acquainted with familiar French phrases. Augustine of Hippo is not perfect, but it is an extremely good biography, being both exceedingly thorough and fully captivating.

Statue of Liberty Ribbon Essays -- Architecture History

Statue of Liberty RibbonThe Statue of Liberty has served as the single most important symbol of the friendship between the deuce countries and the ideal of democracy since its unveiling on October 28, 1886. At the time it was the tallest structure in America.The statue was originally a gift to the United States. The relationship between the two countries dates back before the United States was an independent country (Kotler p7). The French were one of the first to explore and settle in North America. Louis Jolliet and Jaques Marquette traveled the Mississippi. Ren Robert Cavelier, sieur de La Salle explored the outstanding Lakes and established Louisiana. Frenchmen built outposts on the Gulf of Mexico, founded New Orleans, and colonized New France from Louisiana to northeast Canada. In the War of Independence, the Marquis de Lafayette fought with General George Washington. In its last(a) battle at Yorktown, General Jean Baptiste de Rochambeau led the French navy and a land crew. W ithout French support a victory may deplete been impossible. The United States returned these favors during t...

Death Penalty :: essays research papers

Death Penalty and Issues of DeterrenceFor members of society who are retentionists and want to keep the shoemakers last penalty, its deterrent effects are wholeness of their primary arguments. But there is no conclusive evidence that the death penalty deters would-be criminals from their act of violence. Countless studies extradite shown that the murder rate in the United States has not gone down since the states were allowed to kill in 1976. In reality, the murder rate has increased, due to the brutalization factor that the punishment creates. There should be no doubt that the death penalty is an expensive, brutal, and ineffective deterrent to crime.Though there isnt much evidence that proves the death penalty deters crime, there is bargain of evidence and studies that prove it does not. The latest FBI render Crime Report shows that in 2000, the national murder rate decreased 3.1 % from 1999, with the smallest decline in the South. The South remains the expanse with the high est murder rate, 6.8 victims per 100,000, compared to 5.1 in the West and Midwest, and 4.0 in the Northeast. Since the death penalty was reinstated, over 80% of all executions have occurred in the South, the region with the highest murder rate. The Northeast, the region with the lowest murder rate, has accounted for less than 1% of the executions. A survey done by the New York Times also found that states without the death penalty have lower homicide rates than states with the death penalty. The Times report states that ten of the twelve states without the death penalty have homicide rates below the national average, whereas half of the states with the death penalty have homicide rates above (New York Times, 2/19/00). During the last 20 years, the homicide rate in states with the death penalty has been 48%-101% higher than in states without the death penalty. There are many more studies that show where the death penalty exists, there is a higher murder rate. According to statistics from the latest FBI Uniform Crime Report, regions of the country that use the death penalty the least are the safest for police officers. Police are most in danger in the South, which accounts for 80% of all executions (90% in 2000). From 1989-1998, 292 law enforcement officers were feloniously killed in the South, 125 in the West, 121 in the Midwest, and 80 in the Northeast, the region with the fewest executions.

Death Penalty :: essays research papers

Death Penalty and Issues of DeterrenceFor members of society who are retentionists and want to keep the terminal penalization, its deterrent effectuate are one of their primary arguments. But there is no conclusive evidence that the death penalty deters would-be criminals from their act of violence. Countless studies have shown that the off rate in the United States has not gone down since the states were allowed to kill in 1976. In reality, the murder rate has increased, due to the brutalization factor that the penalty creates. There should be no doubt that the death penalty is an expensive, brutal, and ineffective deterrent to crime.Though there isnt much evidence that proves the death penalty deters crime, there is plenty of evidence and studies that prove it does not. The latest FBI Uniform Crime Report shows that in 2000, the case murder rate decreased 3.1 % from 1999, with the smallest decline in the South. The South remains the theatrical role with the highest murder r ate, 6.8 victims per 100,000, compared to 5.1 in the West and Midwest, and 4.0 in the Northeast. Since the death penalty was reinstated, over 80% of all executions have occurred in the South, the region with the highest murder rate. The Northeast, the region with the lowest murder rate, has accounted for less than 1% of the executions. A survey done by the New York Times also found that states without the death penalty have lower homicide rates than states with the death penalty. The Times report states that ten of the twelve states without the death penalty have homicide rates below the national average, whereas half of the states with the death penalty have homicide rates above (New York Times, 2/19/00). During the last 20 years, the homicide rate in states with the death penalty has been 48%-101% higher than in states without the death penalty. There are many more studies that show where the death penalty exists, there is a higher murder rate. correspond to statistics from the l atest FBI Uniform Crime Report, regions of the country that use the death penalty the least are the safest for police officers. Police are most in risk of exposure in the South, which accounts for 80% of all executions (90% in 2000). From 1989-1998, 292 law enforcement officers were feloniously killed in the South, 125 in the West, 121 in the Midwest, and 80 in the Northeast, the region with the fewest executions.

Religion and/ Spirituality Essay

The findings of the study highlights the salience of ghostly beliefs and spirituality as an aspect that positively influenced or contributed towards the subjective thought of genial welfare of the institutionalized aged, from the point of view of their administrators. For many of the participants, religiosity and spirituality seemed to be identical and they did not differentiate one from the other. And they engaged assiduously in religious practices, which in turn contributed toward their subjective experience of well-being.This practice of religion or their spirituality has been found to be the most powerful coping strategy select by these institutionalized elderly under investigation. This finding showed consistency across all sources of data in this study. The elderly at Gladys Center found collection or dependence on God by the willing surrender to His will as a powerful means of dealing with his or her difficulties in all levels, as expressed by their administrators.This f inding is backed by Mackenzie et al.(2000) Religion and spirituality significantly influence both mental and physical health in later breeding and relationship with God forms the foundation of their psychological well-being. While intrinsic religious orientation is inversely related to depression, anxiety, fear of ending in older adults and they bust cope with illness, loss, and grief formal religious involvement is related to general measures of personal adjustment and subjective health and feel satisfaction (Koenig, 1999 & Mackenzie et al. 2000). According to Magai et al.(2003)Religious beliefs and participation or engaging in religious activities are closely related to positive aging outcomes, particularly life satisfaction and the absence of mental disorders. Most of the elderly as it was observed across different sources of data, engaged in religious and devotional activities every daytime of the week. Studies examining the relationship between religious involvement and a wide variety of health conditions, that as individuals aged, both formal and informal religious participation were associated with better health, happiness, and life satisfaction.Even when health was controlled, the strong link between religiosity and subjective well-being remained, which is true in the case of the participants who showed a great sense of well-being despite their declining physical health. Study done by Magai et al. (2003) proved that absence of religiosity or spirituality is consistently a predictor of small hardiness and those who are religiously oriented are likely to be intrinsically hardy and less likely to be debilitated, despite variations in social network.This observation could be an indicator how the elderly cope with the absence of their dear ones and various other things. The findings of the study showed that as perceived by their administrators, the elderly experienced prayer as source of strength, hope, meaning and peace in their lives and different studies hold up this finding. Religious experience provides a sense of meaning and heading in daily life (Polner, 1989), a primary source for inner peace, values and social harmony (Witmer & Sweeny, 1992), a greater sense of wholeness, connectedness, and positive outlook.

Balanced Scorecard Essay

Rivalry amongst competing firms orchard apple tree is in the unique situation that it has its guide proprietary operating system and only used by Apple. So although the competition is fierce for customers, it is a different type of battle for Apple than for others such(prenominal) as Samsung, Google or Microsoft. Apple does face stiff competition notwithstanding it is in the battle for use-case preference. The Android or Windows OS is different than the Apple iOS and consumers make a choice as to which road they are going to go down.Apple is competing for winning this important thought process and decision-making process. They are not competing on hardware alone because Apple alone produces their products with their OS. The competition will continue for easily the foreseeable future, 10 years and beyond, as the world becomes more digitized. superpower conduce Potential Entry of New Competitors The barriers to entry in this industry are steep. Cost of production is very high f or new entrants until significant economies of casing are reached.Over the next 10 years there will be many new entrants into the industry though either brand new, or companies already in similar technology markets that will branch out into markets that compete with Apple. Again, that would be a competition for OS preference, not hardware per se. there is always the possibility of an tout ensemble new and 4th, or more, operating systems being developed as technology advances. Moores Law tells us this is likely but difficult to ascertain from where it will come, whether it will be significantly better than any existing, and if it will gain wide user acceptance.Force Weak to Moderate Potential Development of substitute products Again, since Apple has its own exclusive OS, substitute products are only a threat as being other choices of entirely different OSs from Microsoft or Android producers, or any other possible future OS development. But Apple does not aim any substitute for its own products. Force Weak Bargaining Power of Buyers Apple users tend to stay Apple users. Their loyalty is strong and they love Apple products.Apple charges a premium for its products but the image and allure of Apple products and their perceived high quality keep unit sales strong. Although technology economies of photographic plate have certainly been reached in Apple production, they have continued to keep their products priced higher that competing products. Buyer choice based on price alone should call for growth amongst some new customer segments, but will have little effect on the current loyal Apple user base.Unless their products part to lose some of their luster and appeal and effectiveness, they should remain strong for the future. Force Weak Bargaining Power of Suppliers With Apples exclusive product tune and OS and the relatively small number of products, they are not threatened by supplier power. Apple can easily find factories more than will to be a part of the Apple supply chain. As their products gain more market share and production increases, Apple is in an ideal situation to manage their suppliers effectively.

Colonialism and Young Black Kid

At the end of the novel Guerrillas, by V. S Naipaul, Jane, a British woman from London is murdered by Bryant, a youthfulness black kid native to the Caribbean island where the novel is based. Behind this murder we could discuss guilt and responsibility through different perspectives. Can we really hold Bryant responsible for his actions? Jane is a woman who is not content with herself, she is naive as Roche defines her and out of balance-out of touch with herself and the perception of humanity. She is careless somewhat peoples feelings and ignorant about the consequences of her actions.The fact that she wavers from passion and pleasure through meaningless sexual encounters to rape and violence are all feelings that remind her shes alive, zip fastener less and nothing more. Consequently, being in a post-colonial society full of animosity and frustration, all her mistakes and imprudent actions lead her to her own death. This is an example of how the presence and impact of the powe rful coloniser damaged not whole those around him but themselves, in this case Naipauls character of Jane is a representation of the indifference and self-centered post-colonial personality of the prevailing race in the colonized territories.In conclusion we could argue that Jane did act in a selfish and unconcerned manner. Conscious that she had the alternative of returning to her homeland, escaping the islands reality and trying to bring back with her an adventurous experience full of love affairs and careless decisions, she unawarely clashed with the islanders a people whose disadvantages in life were reflected through anger, despair, worked up repression and a hopelessness that Bryant and Jimmy embodied.Naipaul tries to engage the reader into feeling empathy towards the latter characters by placing Jimmy first, as the frustrated revolutionary who lives his own lie and only wishes to see himself as a hero that satisfies the oppressed desire of revenge against the powerful domi nant, whereas Bryant is the unfortunate native young child overwhelmed by hostility and queer dreams who could have become a better person if given the opportunity. In consideration of all these factors and circumstances, who is really to blame?

Assignment – the Sexual Response Cycle

The familiar response cycle is the term used to describe the changes that occur in the body when men and women hold out sexually aroused. There are four sets or points. The sexual response cycle consists of vasocongestion and myotonia. Vasocongestion causes erection in the male and swaining of the area surrounding the vaginal possibility. As blood vessels dilate the testes, nipples and earlobes swell. Muscle tension is called myotonia. It consists of facial grimaces, spasms in the hands and feet, and spasms of orgasm.During the excitement phase vasocongestion can cause an erection in preadolescent men in as little as 3 to 8 routines after sexual comment starts. The testes stupefy larger and elevated, and the scrotal skin alike thickens making it less baggy. For the female during the excitement phase vaginal lubrication can start 10 to 30 seconds after sexual stimulation begins. Vasocongestion causes the clitoris to swell and flattens and spreads the vaginal lips. The brea st twist bigger and blood vessels nearer the surface are more visible. The inner two-thirds of the vagina expands.The vaginal walls thicken and turn a deeper color. The fair sexs skin can take on a rosy sex flush. The commonalities for two men and women during the excitement phase are that their nipples can become erect. Their heart rate and blood pressure increase. Muscle tension also increases. Although the skin can take on a rosy flush for both it is more common for women. In the plateau phase sexual foreplay remains somewhat stable. Men show some increase in the tour of the head of the penis and it takes on a purplish hue due to vasocongestion. The testes become elevated and positioned for ejaculation.The penis may become one and a half(a) multiplication its arousal size. The penis may release drops of semen from the opening before ejaculation. During the plateau phase for women the outer part of their vagina swells due to vasocongestion. This contracts the vaginal opening in preparation for grasping the penis. Then inner part of the vagina expands more as well. The clitoris withdraws beneath the clitoral hood and shortens. The uterus increases in size and elevates. For both men and women during the plateau phase their breath becomes more rapid, like panting. Their heart rate can increase up to 100 to 160 beat generation per minute.Their blood pressure rises continually. Vasocongestion continues to increase. For men during the orgasmic phase there are two stages of muscular contractions. During the first stage semen collects at the base of the penis. Urine is prevented from immix with the semen by the internal sphincter of the urinary bladder. There are sensations of impending ejaculation that occur 2 to 3 seconds before the ejaculatory reflex. During the second stage semen is propelled out of the body by muscle contractions. The most intense contractions are normally the first 3 to 4 and come in 0. 8- second intervals.This equates to roughly 5 con tractions every 4 seconds. There can be 3 to 4 more contractions that come much slower. This varies from one man to a nonher. For the women during this phase the orgasm is manifested by 3 to 15 contractions of the pelvic muscles that surround the vaginal barrel. The first contractions occur at 0. 8- second intervals. Weaker and slower contractions follow. Both men and women experience the release of sexual tension during the orgasmic phase. These things happen automatically in response to sufficient sexual stimulation. This produces intense relishings of pleasure.The mans erection, the womans vaginal lubrication and their respective orgasm are all reflexes. Their heart rate and blood pressure reach its peak. The heart may beat up to 180 times per minute. Their respirations may increase to 40 breaths per minute. In men the resolution phase consist of blood being released from the engorged areas after ejaculation. This causes the erection to go away. The testes become their normal si ze again. During the resolution phase women also release blood from engorged areas. The nipples become their normal size. The clitoris and vaginal barrel eventually trim down to their unaroused size.Both men and women experience decreased blood pressure and heart rates. Their breathing becomes more normal as before arousal. They may both feel more relaxed and satisfied. After ejaculation men experience a mulish period where they cannot have another orgasm or ejaculate. In adolescent males the refractory period may last only minutes. For men aged 50 and above this period may last from several minutes to a day. Women do not experience a refractory period. They can become aroused again quickly. They may experience multiple orgasm if continued sexual stimulation is provided.Hypoactive sexual desire disorder is a sexual dysfunction characterized by lack of interest in sexual activity. Female sexual arousal disorder is characterized by difficulty in becoming sexually aroused. The may no t be sufficient vaginal lubrication or sustainable arousal to interlock in satisfying sexual relations. Male erectile disorder is characterized by repeated difficulty becoming sexually aroused therefore resulting in unsuccessful person to achieve or sustain and erection Orgasmic disorder is when one has difficulty reaching orgasm even though they have become adequately aroused.previous(p) ejaculation is rapid ejaculation that occurs with minimal sexual stimulation. Sexual dysfunctions are often treated with sex therapy. This treatment refers to a relatively brief and fill form of psychological treatment that incorporates cognitive and behavioral components. There are several methods that are used. Reducing performance anxiety. Clients engage in activities like work or petting under nondemand circumstance for a time to reduce performance anxiety. There is to be no sexual arousal or relation back at first.Decreased anxiety allows natural reflexes such as erection, lubrication and orgasm to occur. Changing Self-defeating attitudes and expectations. Clients are shown that anxiety levels are raised when expectations of failure are raised thus become reality. Teaching sexual skills. If premature ejaculation is present the client may be shown how to delay ejaculation with the stop-and-go-method. This allows the man to interrupt gauge the level of stimulation that triggers ejaculatory reflex. Enhancing sexual knowledge.Some clients are misinformed or have no knowledge about biological and sexual functioning. Improving sexual communication. Couples are taught ways of showing their partner what they do and do not like. Biological treatments are sometimes used for specific sexual dysfunctions. The drug sildenafil helps men attain erection by relaxing the muscles surrounding the blood vessels in the penis. This allows more blood to flow in and the erection to harden. Viagra does not seem to be effective in treating female sexual dysfunction. There are continued effo rts to find a pill that will assist females as well.

Irony in the Scarlet Letter Essay

Irony regards every simple truth as a challenge. When reading a story, the events that encounter already presented themselves, lead a someone to perceive what is going to happen, but when that person encounter an unexpected event, as commonly experienced through irony, it changes what the person perceives is going to happen. The Scarlet Letter exemplifies this use of irony to challenge truth. Hawthorne provides details about a specific character, but then creates an event which stands in job to these details.Hawthornes uses irony, portrayed through characters names, the start-off off scaffold scene, and the Puritan community, to express the truth throughout the novel. In The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne uses characters names to contrast to their actual characteristics. He uses the name Pearl, which means purity, as a nickname for a mischievous character. He portrays Roger Chillingworth as a doctor, firearm Chillingworths main purpose conveys create the deterioration of Arthur D immesdales health. Arthur Dimmesdale, a saint-like figure to the Puritan Community, indulges in a great sin. Being a minister, his life elucidates hypocrisy.He has committed one of the sterling(prenominal) sins that he condemns in his sermons. Hawthorne uses these evident labels to contrast to characters true characteristics. The scaffold scenes each reveal a truth through use of irony. The first scaffold scene connotes not only a connection between Hester and Dimmesdale, but also Dimmesdales wishes in regard to their sin. At the beginning of the novel, while the endorsers main headspring involves Pearls father, Hawthorne asides other characters by emphasizing Dimmesdales questioning of Hester. This emphasis exposes Dimmesdale as the prime amusing to be Pearls father.Dimmesdale speaks curiously in third-person about what Pearls father should do. He also stresses that Hester should tell who she had an affair with, and that her partner give accept being exposed, as if trying to c onvince her that he wants to be revealed but is to scared to do so on his own. This event causes irony, as the strain on Dimmesdale and Hester in this scene foreshadows their relations later in the novel. Hawthorne portrays the Puritan Community as a body that lacks the ability to recognize truth, while their ideals involve creating a city upon a hill that has achieved the ultimate truth.When Roger Chillingworth arrives in Boston, the community falsely believes that he has been sent from God to cure Arthur Dimmesdale. When Chillingworth wishes to house with Dimmesdale, few question Chillingworths intent. Even as they see Dimmesdales worsening condition, few blame it on Roger Chillingworth. The community also fails to recognize Dimmesdales attempts to confess his sin. In his sermons, Dimmesdale states that he is altogether vile, a viler companion of the vilest and that he should be shriveled up before their eyes by the burning wrath of the Almighty.The community, still accept that he has not committed any serious sin, thinks of him even the higher. The communitys inability to recognize evil characters and sin overshadows their wishes to perceive the ultimate truth. Characters names, the first scaffold scene, and the Puritan Community act as a means of expressing truth through Hawthornes use of irony. Hawthorne provides evident details on characters, allowing the reader to obtain truth through an ironic event. Hawthorne meets the quote in the beginning by the requirement that irony should regard every simple truth as a challenge.

My Trip to Europe Essay

Since my childhood I dreamed about traveling around the world. Last year in summer my dream finally came true. I took a trip to Europe. I traveled to Switzerland, Slovenia, Slovakia, Austria, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, France and Italy. I went to many interesting places including the Louvre and Eiffel tower in France, the castle of cologne water in Germany, the Anne Frank house and the capital of The Netherlands in Netherlands, Mountains in Switzerland, Madame Tussauds in Austria, Manneken Pis in Belgium and many more. Well, the reason I went on this trip and got the chance to go date stamp all these fantastic places was because of my father. He actually paid the whole expenses of my trip. I went on this trip with my friend Kaj Falk Wiklund from Switzerland. in that respects only unrivalled word to describe Switzerland, and thats beautiful. The country turned out to be extremely clean. thither are not as many tourist attractions except the scenery al one was enough to full fill my trip or I would like to say more than enough. Zurich, Geneva, Interlaken are the main attraction places in Switzerland. Zurichs multicultural flair and variety of leisure activities makes it popular with travelers from all over the world. Interlaken is considered the adventure capital of Switzerland and its more than 45 mountain railways, cable cars, chair lifts and ski lifts lead the adventurous to 150 miles of slopes and a dense network of hiking trails.The architect in Netherlands was absolutely beautiful and the cities and places we went, spoke of so much history. wizard of my favorite places was the Anne Frank house. All my life Ive heard of everything she went through, tho to actually be in the place she stood and struggled, to read the actual journal she wrote in, it was astounding. There was so much emotion and history, and a mix of feelings that hit me. I was just extremely honored to as yet be there. But we waited in boundary for a long time since we go there in the afternoon. Another place is the capital city of Netherlands called Amsterdam. It is the place that all the teenagers are dreaming of. Amsterdam is famous for its vibrant and diverse nightlife especially the red light district. I really have some significant memories of this place.Germany is also another place where is so much to do and so many sites tosee. The historic city Lindau, The Brandenburg Gate and The ultimate fairytale castle Neuschwanstein are the most popular places in Germany and I am really happy to get the chance of visiting there. The historic city Lindau is located near the meeting point of the Austrian, German and Swiss borders in the eastern part of Lake Constance. The Brandenburg Gate is the only surviving city gate of Berlin and symbolizes the reunification of East and West Berlin.It is regarded as one of the most famous landmarks in Europe. The ultimate fairytale castle, Neuschwanstein is situated on a rugged hill near Fssen in sou thwest Bavaria. It was the inspiration for the Sleeping Beauty castles in the Disneyland parks. Neuschwanstein is the most photographed building in the country and one of the most popular tourist attractions in Germany. Just in general, Germany had such a pleasant air travel and everyone was so friendly. It was truly one of my favorite countries that we went to.France is well known by the name of Paris. Paris is called The city of Romance and the culinary capital of the world. There are so many phenomenal things to see and do so we never got bored. I had read about Eiffel Tower in my text books, but experiencing it for myself, is truly amazing and wonderful. We went to the top of the Eiffel Tower and were able to see the entire city from the top, which was jaw dropping for me. The Louvre was absolutely fantastic. Actually getting to see so many of the masterpieces of the world that Ive learned about in class was mind blowing, especially when I saw the Mona Lisa. The streets were ex actly the same as I had read in books. Paris, France is one of the most amazing places I had ever visited.In every country I had stayed in my friends house. Their families were so warmhearted. So I got the chance to learn their culture being so close. I felt different environment and culture staying with each family though they all live in Europe. But one thing is in common with everyone that they were so fascinating. While I was in Switzerland I stayed with Kaj and his family. I even attended his school there and got the chance to experience their education system. It was so cool and better than ours.In conclusion, this trip really did have an impact on my life though. It was such a great opportunity to see and really experience the different parts of the world. And believe me Norway is the most expensive country in the world. This trip planted in me, an appreciation for all the cultures and different type of people in our world. It really was a fantastic experience for me.

Why Women Smile

In our culture, friendliness is conveyed through a smile and it is agreed in the discipline of Anthropology that the smile is something that carries across entirely(a) cultures. In every human society, smiles convey the same emotions happiness, pleasure, excite custodyt and other positive feelings. However, smiles seem to mean different things between the men and women, of our culture, who exchange them. As my step father said, a muliebrityhood who smiles is seen as friendly, but also more same(p)ly single. Simply put, smile is an attractive quality and most heap flock to a warm smile like moths to a flame.For women, prosperous could mean many things. I, among others, nettle water often feigned a smile in nervousness, irritation, awkwardness and sometimes false happiness. In intimate settings, a natural smile shows a person is enjoying her or himself and the other people present. In overlord settings, especi completelyy that of customer service, a smile, feigned or not, is a requirement. It makes the business seem warm and open to all but smiling on the pipeline and even in less formal environments can lead to problems for women. Unwanted attention is often drawed through a broad, seemingly genuine smile.In Amy Cunninghams essay, why Women Smile, she mentions, We smile so often and so promiscuously that the successful Woman has be perplex a peculiarly American archetype (325). On many occasions, Ive heard of a man who yells at a woman on the street to Smile baby It aint that bad. joyous seems to beget become something of a social requirement. To the observer, the smile-less supposed curmudgeon might be falsely interpreted. She essential not be happy because she is not smiling. This particular individual could keep bottom trouble with smiling due to nerve damage, being in deep thought or maybe she has just suffered a death of a family member.Whatever the circumstances, the funny has decided that he does not like her frown, for it must be so i ntolerably unattractive that he has taken it upon himself to make a statement. On a daily basis, the mankind is reminded by the media that being attractive is important and a beaming smile is attractive. To be plain, humorless and rejected by men was a stereotype given to suffragettes in the early twentieth century, as the book Womens Rights Changing attitudes 1900-2000 (11) mentions. delightful has been labeled as an essential quality for women in our country.Smiling is a social grace that could easily be sexualized because it opens the door for interaction and a lot of womanish to male interaction ends up involving sex. After all, women and men ar made by nature to reproduce with each other, therefore sexuality between the two is biologically inherent. Even though this is the case, the act of smiling itself is not the root make do, it is merely the outer skin of the conflict. In the book, Female Chauvinist Pigs, Ariel Levy spoke roughly the episode of the Tonight Show, in m ay 2003, which Katie Couric guest hosted.Couric after commented that she wanted to show America her fun side on the Tonight Show, but in truth she was exposing more than being fun, or even being sexual. Really what she was showing was that she was open to a certain sort of attention- which is something that we specifically require if we are going to take of a woman as hot. Hotness doesnt just yield approval. Proof that a woman actively seeks approval is a crucial criterion for hotness in the first place. (32) A smile can convey openness, submission, a willingness to socialize, playfulness and that a person is seeking not moreover attention, but approval.When smiling and lachrymose at what a customer or someone we deem interest in has to say, the speaker may feel good about themselves and may gain a sparked interest in the listener. To be engaged in socialization likely means openness to more socialization. This is the point where the message of a smile can become tangled in a we b of miscommunication. Again, Ariel Levy mentions, For women, and only for women, hotness requires projecting a kind of eagerness, offering a agreement that any attention you receive for your physicality is welcome. (33), and smiling is the first step smoothen a road to attention gained through behaviorism, a philosophy of psychological science that deals with learning through experience. In a mans world, a woman who smiles is a predictable woman. Through a set of past experiences of women smiling or not smiling, a man can asses what these facial expressions mean. To men, a smiling woman is a friendly woman and a friendly woman is a potential mate. It is a simple, easy to understand, thought process. To the contrary from a womans eye, smiling could mean many an emotion or thought.A female passerby could have multiple reasons to willfully smile other than a males sexually attractive qualities. She could be thinking about how she has been promoted at work, is happy about the weather , her new pet fish is on her mind or she may have simply remembered a good memory that took place nearby, all while happening to make eye contact with this stranger. The stranger does not know she is very pleased about her new pet fish and therefore jumps to the boldness that her smile was directed blatantly toward him.She does not know him, therefore he must be attractive or she would not have thrown him that indicatory facial expression. As well, women are taught from a young age to smile eagerly because women are supposed to be nice. Girls play with baby dolls and domestic utensils like miniature ovens when boys are playing with miniature military equipment and G. I. Joes. Women are to be the kind and maternal sex while the men are to be the aggressors. Smiling at a passersby is the polite thing to do, the lady like thing to do. For women, it is a reflex.In her article in the online magazine XOJane, S. E. Smith wrote and article about the issue of not constantly smiling in pub lic and the response of the smile baby guy, a male stranger who tells women that they should smile in public situations. Its always smile baby guy talking to a woman or someone he reads as a woman. This is about the fact that ladies conduct to look pretty, and furthermore, that ladies need to be in good body fluids all the time. Telling people to smile is about telling them that you think theyre in an unacceptable moodIts yet another reminder of the ways in which women are judge to perform for the public, to put up a good face at all times or face the consequences. (1) These consequences that a women could face can range from social labeling to ostracization to violence. If women, the gentler sex, are not smiling like they are expected to be, something must be wrong and men, being the aggressors must do something to fix or stop it. A woman such as my mother, who takes her job seriously and is stoical when necessary gains labels such as cold and unapproachable.This is not the cas e, but she happens to lack that veneer smile that should be plastered across her face at all times. She is at work to get her job done and this means that smiling is not always appropriate. A friendly, non-threatening smile has become the appropriate archetype for women. Women have allowed a perpetuated image of femininity, of predictability and kind nature, to exist, mainly through our smiles. It has become an expectation for us. Amy Cunningham states, To limit a woman to one expression is like editing down and orchestra to one instrument.And the search for more authentic means of expression isnt easy in a culture in which women are still expected to be magnanimous smilers, helpmates in crisis, and curators of everybody elses morale. (330) Women in America have become beacons of eagerness to the outside world. According to Cunningham, in the 1800s, attractive women began to appear in many types of advertisements. Society got the idea that smiling was a natural trait for women and t he women of the time caught on and began to emulate the pictures they saw. 328) This confuses people of other cultures when they encounter American citizens. We have much less formality when addressing strangers and authority figures, and we tend to flash our smiles automatically. When the McDonalds chain restaurant was introduced in Moscow in 1992, the Americans who ran the businesses were extremely discouraged when the employees wouldnt crack smiles when greeting customers, who I presume, also did not smile. (329) As a society, it seems that we do not consciously recognize our tendency to over use our smiles for any old occasion.Our teeth are used when anxious, in happiness and in an attempt to be socially pleasing. Along with our unrealistic images of smiles come unrealistic expectations of reality. Our faces are lying to us. Gaining respect is also a plight that the smile has caused personally and professionally for the female gender as a whole. If women are treated as sweet an d domestic, expected only to fulfill the stereotype of the kind, listening role, we can not state our opinions thoroughly. It is time that the gentle sex make a new image.Levy explains, It no longer makes sense to blame men. Mia Leist and plenty of other women are behind the scenes, not just in front of the cameras, fashioning decisions, making money, and hollering We want boobs. Playboy is a case in point. Playboys image has everything to do with its pajama-clad, septuagenarian, babe-magnet founder, Hugh Hefner But in actuality, Playboy is a company largely run by women. Hefners daughter Christie is the chairman and CEO of Playboy Enterprises.The CFO is a middle-aged mother named Linda Havard. The Playboy founding is run by Cleo Wilson, and African-American former civil rights activist. A woman named Marilyn Grabowski produces more than half the magazines photo features. (35) At this point, not only do we fill the roles of the smiling, sexy woman, but women everywhere are workin g in jobs that continue to further the attitude that we have a specific aim. That purpose being a thing to look at. A thing that looks good, a thing that smiles.It is hypocritical for women to take part in these careers, however as later mentioned by Ariel Levy, in her interview with Christie Hefner, she asked her how she (Christie) felt about young women aspiring to be in Playboy magazine. Her response was, The reason why I think its perfectly okay is because the way women see being in the magazine is not as a career bust as a statement. (40) Levy goes on to explain, An actress or a mother sure, but a lawyer or an executive not necessarily. Putting your tush on pompousness is still not the best way to make partner or impress the board.The only career for which appearing in Playboy is a rattling strategic move is a career in the sex industry. (43) Smiling does not prove that we are intellectuals or have intense work ethics. Smiling does not show all of the hard physical labor we have done or the hours we have put into studying to earn our bachelors, masters and PHDs. Smiling does not show that we wish to better ourselves more than our grandmothers dreamed was possible. Mostly, smiling shows the world that we believe we are content with the status quo.We must fight back against the stigmas we are furthering in our culture. Smiling is the start. If we can cut back on smiling and only use our grins for genuine happiness, in spontaneous joy, we can induce to move onward. If we can show that smiling has a certain meaning, that the connotation it currently possesses is an inaccurate portrayal of our intelligence, wants and needs, we can gain more respect. The wish for a better future must be fulfilled through showing our own society and eventually the world that we do not meet the standards of a smile, but that we exceed those standards.

Facebook Should Be Banned

Social Network an online federation of pack with a common interest who physical exercise a Web site or other(a) technologies to communicate with each other and share information, resources(dictionary. com). thither are almost 500 million users of complaisant networks and spent over 700 billion minutes a month using them. Is this hindering our favorable skills? There are many ways that people interact with each other such as e-mail, texting, a social network but the least employ fundamental interaction is face to face.A negative impact that social networks harbour on our relationships is that social networks might strengthen our relationship with acquaintances and people we fagt put one over often social networks weaken our strong relationships and also bring about physical social isolation. The destination social network leads you to believe that you are in fact being social when these sites are used more for a phone book or search engine.Instead of calling your friend and asking what they have planned for the night or weekend, you can just look at their posts to find out. This contact is rattling im mortalal and allows the least amount of interaction between two parties Social Networks allow you to overestimate the aim of intimacy you have with someone. Social networks allow you to think that a person is more committed to a relationship or friendship more than they actually are. You need to be sure you are displace in a balanced time of online and offline relationships.According to a study by John Cacioppo (researcher at the University of Chicago), those who use social networks are more susceptible to the emotional contagion effects. An emotional contagion is the tendency to widget and feel emotions that are similar to and influenced by those of others. In his studies, it was found that loneliness alone was transmitted done social networks. Also, his study showed that 52% of those who have direct social network interactions with a lonely person they too will become lonely.Those who have a friend of a friend connection with tell person will be 25% more lonely. Youve probably also seen that sometimes normal manners and politenessaspects we would utilize in our face-to-face interactions are sometimes missing in the online space, that we would use in face to face interactions. Many of these social networks have a chat feature. Because of this many people dont pick up on humor, sarcasm, and sympathy. Along with this, if you were in a face to face interaction you have the added facial expressions and body language.Along with this chat feature people dont have to twaddle straightway so it is easy to hide behind the internet because you wont have to directly address the problem. Because of social networking many people lose their ability to hold a conversation. Many people who use social networks lose the ability to spell correctly because they use shorthand such as U, tomoro, k and many others. Social Networks are very harmf ul, but if you balance out your online and offline relationships and dont let social networks become your hangout, it shouldnt be a problem.

A&P- Critical Analysis

I catch chosen to write about the of a sudden invention A&P. The story takes place in 1961 in a small t induce of new-made England, which has a small grocery store named A&P grocery store. The townspeople contains very less(prenominal) population. From the setting, I came to a conclusion that the town was a very low maintenance town where everybody knows everybody (very unwavering community) with mostly old school beliefs and structures (religious beliefs, dress code, ethical values, morals). The town was visited by tourists for a very con period of time, who come to live for a while and can be verbalise that they disturb with their own outside culture.The main character Sammy is nineteen, works or was working as we can say after the story, as a checker or observer at the local A&P store. (Alexadrov and Petrooshki tea Comp whatever) The life of Sammy changes suddenly as one day three scantily clad young women code the grocery store to buy some eateries. The women were weari ng swim suits as they were coming from the beach, which was across the store. At this time, Sammy introduces his co cashier Stokesie, who was married and had two children. Because of attire of the trio women, everybody stared at them as they were contrast to the interiors of the store.Sammy cosmos overwhelmed by seeing the trio women in the store, he even watches the expressions of the customers as they lay their eyes on women, which is being a guy/man and living in sort of a small town myself and you know all the girls . They are either taken or you just are non implicated in them. Sammy tells everyone was overwhelmed seeing them because they were different as they were not seen before by anyone in the town. As said everyone knows everyone, the women were not familiar in town and this made everyone to attract themselves to women.This made to build a survey of Wow, I film got to talk to her. Sammy archetype only he has a chance to talk with them as Stokesies is married, with t wo children already. Even though Stokesies is married, Sammy tells even he was destineing of marrying those women knowing vigour about them. During last section of the story, Sammy break offs his furrow over the women who came to the store. The reason he decided to quit can be understood as Sammy wanted to represent his manliness and bravery to the women. Sammy could not await the way his superior was trying to confront the young ladies on what they were wearing in this time and a place of small town, which was embarrassing for those women to flaunt.The trio women were said to pay and leave quickly by the manager, which was the routine at which Sammy immediately thought of leaving the job without any second thought of what he was doing and what were the set he has to face in around future. The action of Sammy can be explained as bravery, to attract the women by leaving his job for them, to stand up to his superior, risk his job, and also making a scene (which was not require d). The only thing Sammy expected from the women was hell of a first impression.Author failed to explain any onetime(prenominal) experiences at the store that might have led Sammy to think of leaving the job. Assumptions like Sammy might have been fed up with his work and thought this moment as a chance to quit the job and facet tough and manly, also attracting the queen of the group and the group of women themselves. Sammy wished to go out with the women but the story tells that he never looked choke which was a very stupid action because, he could not touch on the women if he was not looking back at the women and the whole thing done for them was going waste.In my view, it was very unreasonable to quit the job that too in a state of never acquire it back just for the sake of couple of girls was very unreasonable and unnecessary as the story tells that Sammy had to look after his parents. If I was Sammy, I dont care how awful the job was as I had to take care of my family, and help them financially. I did not cared about the women, besides how much beautiful and benignant the women were. I would have not argued and left the work in a state of getting it back impossibly just for proving something to the opposite sex.As the place was very small, even the opportunities of employment I think would be very difficult and if Sammy leaves his job for the silly reasons explained, the total life of Sammy would be in irritate along with their family and their financial status. I chose this story for the fact that the story imposes the mistake most of the people do in their life just by taking unreasonable decisions which dont have any advantages but affects the life of the individual and sometimes their related people very badly. The mistakes can be categorised into unfortunate mistakes, but their effect shown in very near future.The mistakes done make us sweep how one event leads to another and also shows the carelessness out actions are while doing things. Th e story ends by making Sammy realise of how his life will change after his unreasonable decisions taken with no thought imposed on the decisions. The story tells a moral that the decisions taken with stupid reasons may not have immediate results but will have huge effect on life in near future. The moral is very near to the butterfly effect, which explains that hurricanes are in even possible far-off away from where the butterfly flaps its wings.

Explanatory Story

You will want to interview more than two stack to get good material, but you must include quotations or paraphrases from two people who are set by name and their university of Illinois affiliation or other local tie. At the end of your story, make an folksy source list. Include websites and background resources. Include contact Information for your Interviewees for possible use In verification. For some(prenominal) direct and indirect quotations, be sure to attribute your information to a primary source document, to your interviewees, or to other sources.Remember that o cannot use information from other news program outlets. For example, instead of quoting the Associated Press, track down the sources the AP apply and quote those documents or people from your own direct contact, if you want to use the information. Be sure to closure the who, what, when, where and why of your story. And the how. Explanatory stories tell how. You may use a feature lead or a summary lead. Possible outline l. Attention-getting lead that uses an anecdote or sets a scene (one or two paragraph II. Nut Graff. Why this is a story now some sort of news peg that includes 5 Was.Ill. Quotation from source that backs up the lead or nut Graff. IV. More facts somewhat topic. V. Quotation that explains the facts or reacts to them. VI. More facts, reaction, quotations VI. Strong ending. Telling fact or punchy quotation. What kind of story An kindle one. Http//www. Washingtons. Com/WAP-sir/special/metro/urban- story describes owl encounters and Incorporates quotations. It also builds In natural links too occasion of the area and a Youth video. Communications Library Enter 122 Gregory Hall and then go on a lower floor 2 to 5 Wednesdays and 1 to 5 Thursdays

“Daddy Long Legs” by Jean Webster Essay

protactinium grand Legs was written by Jean Webster on 1912. Her playscripts often feature young female protagonists who develop into a beautiful butterfly from being a caterpillar, so to speak. They mature intellectu completelyy, socially and morally. Jerusha Judy Abbott is the perfect example. She is an 18-year old girl who grew up in an orphanhood. She became sort of a helper as well in the orphanage since she is one of the eldest there. One day, one of the trustees that get down the orphanage every first Wednesday of the month offered Judy an opportunity to go to college as long as she becomes a writer and a monthly letter will be sent regarding the progress of her college life. The offer as well mentioned that the benefactor remains unknown and replies will not be given. She can only communicate with the secretary. passim college, Judy met new fri closures from different social classes, saw the world outside the orphanage and honed her skill in writing.She was satisfacto ry to write several poems and books that were rejected but still pursued until she perfected a book that pleasant the standards of one of the several publishing house where she sent her stories. She never spoiled herself too much because she matte up that the world does not owe her anything. In the end, she got her book published and fell in love. By yet reading the title, one wont know what the book is all about until one reads it. The book took me by surprise since I had a different kind of story in mind. I love the book because it showed hope, kindness, determination and love. It showed hope on the part of Judy Abbott for after spending her childhood in an orphanage she was given a chance to see the world outside the John Grier Home by outlet to college. The book is also composed of a series of letters written by Judy regarding her progress in college which is rather a one-sided correspondence. I do imagine where Judy is coming from.While growing up, Judy never experienced wh at it is like to have a family or anyone for that matter showing the slightest interest in her and and then suddenly, someone starts showering you with kindness, Ill be very grateful for that. Although the deal was clearly said to Judy that no tell will be given from her benefactor, Judy still continued writing with humour, honesty, and life as if she really knew Daddy Long Legs. She kept her feet on the ground that she never let neither the new environment she is in nor the gifts that Daddy Long Legs gave her change who she is but has helped her mold who she is going to be. Throughoutcollege, Judy transformed into a brisk and attractive young woman. She takes enormous delight in the little pleasures of ordinary life and believed in acquit will. She believes that regretting the past and anticipating the future makes you miss out the beauty of life that the present has to offer. The book, however, ended with Judy falling in love with Jervie Pendleton who happens to be Daddy Long Legs. The ending was romantic but also bothered me a bit since there is a fourteen year age gap between the two. But I guess, with the setting in 1912, women fell in love with more mature men.Judy even considered Daddy Long Legs her composite family. But WHAT CAN I SAY? True love prevails. It was justified at the end that Judy fell in love with Jervie Pendleton and NOT Daddy Long Legs who just happens to be her benefactor. Its such a sweet finish but left me hanging. It would have been better if Judy did not leave Jervie bit recovering from illness. It was mentioned, however, that they will be reunited again. I will definitely recommend this book. It is simple yet has a twist in the storyline. It is a wonderful story and it is a surprise love story because youll guess that it is just a story of an orphaned girl who becomes an author with the help of a stranger. You wont realize who loves whom until you get right to the very end. The love-hate-anger-gratitude relationship between Judy and the benefactor is also quite interesting. It appeals to all ages, young and old. It is easy to read because of the letter format.

Liberal Government 1905-1914 Essay

The Liberal offbeat reforms of 1906-1914 saw a remarkable change in government policy from a largely individualistic (a policy of non-intervention) approach to a more(prenominal) interventionist approach. The Liberal government, led by Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman would do more in the way of social reform than any government before it, establishing an obligation to help the more vulnerable members of society who were not in a locate to help themselves.Two social surveys were promulgated at the beginning of the twentieth century which shook the wad of Britain. They undoubtedly paved the way for a whole range of government led reforms. Charles Booth and Seebohm R testifytree, two precise wealthy businessmen helped suspensor investigations in to the causes of poverty in Britain. Their findings were up to 30% of the population of the cities were living in or below the poverty levels, conditions were so bad that people could not pull themselves out of poverty by their own action s. Both Rowntree and Booth agreed that the main causes of poverty were illness, unemployment and epoch (the very young and very nonagenarian)In 1908 Herbert Henry Asquith took over the Liberals and soon the wheels were set in motion in regards to the social reforms. Asquith would later produce two significant figures whose partnership was said to be the strength behind the reforms Winston Churchill the young man in a hurry and David Lloyd George the Welsh wizard.There were many factors and motives for the reforms being passed, such as discipline security measures Concerns During the war, one in three potential army recruits were refused on medical grounds. The government would have to do something to ensure basic wellness levels among working class men.Concerns Over National Efficiency Britains position of being a world power was under threat from emerging powers such as Germany. In order to maintain its position it had to run smoothly with a strong, well educated work force . parvenu Liberalism The new liberals, Herbert Asquith, Winston Churchill and Lloyd George argued that in certain circumstances it was necessary to intervene in poor peoples lives to help with their social problems.Political Opportunism The Liberals were scrutinised for their reforms as many historians thought their introduction was to gain a political advantage rather than helping the poor. The Liberals knew they had to gain support from the working class as they were competing with the newly-created crusade Party.Between 1906-1914 the Liberals focused on the following four groups in society the old, the young, the sick and the unemployed.In 1908 old age pensions were introduced by Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lloyd George. It gave a pension of five shillings per week (25 pence) to persons over the age of 70 whose income was less than 21 a year. Smaller amounts were paid to people with a slightly higher income. concourse who earned more than 31.50 a year received no pension, a broad with individuals who failed to work or who had been in prison. The Act was seen as a step in the right direction however it did not deal out all problems. Money received barely paid for basic necessities, financial help was needed long before the elderly reached pension age. More importantly very few working class people reached 70 during this period (life expectancy was just 45)From 1906 the Childrens Chapter allowed local authorities to provide muster out check meals for poor children. However it wasnt until 1914 that school meals were make compulsory. In 1907, medical inspections were introduced but it was not until 1912 that free medical treatment was made available that the situation could be better. The reforms included age restrictions being mark in place to make it harder for children to buy cigarettes and alcohol. Finally in 1908 juvenile courts and borstals were set up to supercede the sending of young offenders to prison.The Liberal government introduced the N ational Insurance Act in 1911. For the first time, health insurance was provided for those who paid into the scheme. An employee would pay 4p each week, his employer paid 3p and the remaining 2p came from the state. However the workers wife and children did not acquire from the scheme no matter how sick they became. Further restrictions were that employees would only be paid for a upper limit of 26 weeks for being off due to ill health or injury.The second part of the National Insurance Act dealt with unemployment. Insured workers were given 35p a week for a maximum of 15 weeks in a year if they became unemployed. Again the act only provided insurance for the employee and not his family. It was meant only for covering shipboard unemployment and only applied to a small number of trades.The findings tell us that the Liberals made a remarkable change from a laissez-faire approach to a more interventionist approach. However the reform only made a small indentation into resolving the p roblems of poverty which faced the people of Britain in 1905-1914. The old age pension scheme paid out inadequate funds that barely paid for basic necessities, very few people ever reached the age of 70. Unemployment benefits were only provided to workers for short periods of time and did not include their family. drop out school meals and medical inspections were introduced but very few local authorities were able to provide. Yes the government were ordain to intervene to help the poor but the poor had to help themselves also.If we see a drowning man we do not drag him to the shore. Instead, we provide help to allow him to swim ashore Winston Churchill

Corporate Social Responsibilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Corporate Social Responsibilities - Essay ExampleThrough a commitment to CSR, organisations play a role in solving economic, social and environmental problems. On the separate hand, the internal forces that can contribute to CRS include pressure from sh beholders and employees (Alessia et al. 2009). While, external forces contributing to CRS in organisations include consumer demand, judicature policies, technological advancement and social activism. In the contemporary business environment, the reputation or image of firms depends on the disclosure of their activities to the public. In this regard, CSR reports made available to the public allows internal and external stakeholders to examine the contribution of firms towards CSR activities. The exploitation consumer awareness has also increased pressure on corporations to publish annual CSR reports (Obserseder et al., 2014). These reports mainly focus on how firms are dealing with societal concerns regarding environmental pollution , climate change and resource depletion. Conversely, while there is bowl over concerning the importance of corporate self-reporting, the emergence of international guidelines and standards suggests that consumers are increasingly basing their purchase decisions on such randomness (Alessia et al. 2009). This paper examines corporate social responsibilities report of three companies that include BMW, Adidas and Shell.In the modern business environment, CSR reports are important because they help to enhance the image of firms in the public domain. Through these reports, firms are in a position to highlight on their business activities. Since the consumers are becoming aware regarding sustainable development, it is in the reside of companies to disclose their CSR activities. Such activities may include, for instance, community initiatives, safety at the workplace, stakeholder engagement, corporate governance and

Waikato River settlement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Waikato River settlement - Assignment ExamplePartnerships normally offer great opportunities to increase the availability of familiarity and the available resources and this opens up opportunities for development of an area which is more inclusive and unified as it brings on bestride all the concerned parties. Bodansky in his research states that there are a crook of economic activities do by the Maori including forestry, fishing and agriculture and they normally consider for annual income of between 1billion US dollars and 1.9 billion US dollars in their economy but this source of life is under threat from the destruction of the environment and unsustainable occasion of the environmental resources. This paper takes a comprehensive overview of the Maori and Crown people scrutinizing their worldviews on different issues including their customary rights, self-possession and stewardship. Finally we shall survey the issue of sustainability and how this important issue is under th reat and finally recommend solutions for a better and more sustainable environment within the Waikato Basin.Until the year 2004, the Maori people have had a great control on the management of resources and decision making than it has ever been during the colonial past periods. A number of treaty settlements have been used to bring the economy of the Maori people into the modern world market as well as the global economy (Selby, 2010). According to a recent analysis, forestry, fishery and agriculture account for about 1-1.9 billion US dollars of the Maori economy every year (NZIER, 2003). However, study has also indicated that this source of livelihood for the society is under threat from unplanned and unsustainable use of the available resources.The Maori leaders are expected to be conscious of the unique relationship they have with the environment and also of the ways in which long depot sustainability of the environment, the society, the economy and the cultural values can be en sured. It is however not enough to simply fulfil

IT questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

IT questions - Coursework ExampleThe sockets enable applications in unlike software to communicate through inbuilt profits hardware and operating systems. In my daily communication, I get to use socket programming in different ways. The instant messaging applications that I use to connect with people in different parts of the introduction are coordinated by socket programming. At one point computers at our working place were connected through multiple sockets to enable us network together easily (Shuang, 2013).In any font where a server is employ to connect some data or users of different software at distributed places, threads are used. A local database server that I was once involved in managing used java threads to respond to requests sent to the database server (Batenkov, 2012). Thread pools were created to keep track of the number of requests handled at a time. This was possible due to java concurrency that enables many programs to run parallel. The java threads were also right-hand in synchronization of worker queues (Silas, 2012).Some times in our teams and organizations we are required to coordinate with different team members who are situated far from us. We use distributed processing in such cases since it enables us stand in data as messages are passed across processors. Several processors with their own memories are used here. Apache Storm is an poser of distributed real-time computation systems we adapted. This application synchronized streams of data from many processors in different time zones (Kivi, 2012).With the modernistic technology in the world today, many messaging applications drive home been introduced into the telecommunication industry (Sultan, 2014). Some of these applications have been of importance in coordinating me with my colleagues and friends. Google hangouts are one of the messaging applications that I use to connect with my partners imbed in other continents. Whatsapp is another application that helps me in commun icating across continents

Unit 3 Assignment-Marketing Strategy (Asus Computers) Research Paper

Unit 3 Assignment-Marketing Strategy (Asus Computers) - Research Paper congressmanThe charges of the products offered by ASUSTek are some of the most competitive in the market. Case in point is that the computing device products and services are procured based on prevailing market prices (ASUSTek Computer Inc., 2015).The notebooks and ultrabooks are produced with distinct features that let in thinness and lightness. Consequently, the products have multimedia and computing features not to mention the gaming materials. The tablets and readys are developed and categorize into tabs and pads (ASUSTek Computer Inc., 2015). The desktop computers are made with a number of components that encounter its functionality. The computers have both the foreplay and output features that enhance their functionality. The networking products have wireless adapters, routers and antennas that enable connections to be effective (ASUSTek Computer Inc., 2015).The company majorly focuses on emerging mar kets spread on a planetary scale. Most organizations and corporations are constantly seeking computing, networking and mobile phone products to assist in the delivery of services. To this extent, the company focuses on middle and big companies as a target market (ASUSTek Computer Inc., 2015). On the other hand, the company targets the middle classes who are increasingly go fashionable in the modern dispensation. Smartphones have become fashionable, and the company has responded by offering competitive prices to the customers to ensure that most people can acquire the products.The company adopts discounting as a price penetration strategy across all its markets. Ideally, the company offers lower prices to some of the products that face immense competition from other materials in the market. The prices are however adjusted occasionally based on the inherent market changes. Consequently, the company uses price penetration strategy as a measure of gaining significant market share.The company has a placoid distribution strategy

InTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN BUSINESS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

InTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN BUSINESS - Assignment ExampleConventional hypothesis argues that liberation in trade should benefit the ontogenesis countries more than it benefitted the developed countries because globalisation is supposed to suffice the countrys joining the bigger economies have access to their markets. On the contrary, it is the developed countries which have been gaining instead.On April 10, 2006, immediately later the director general had announced that they were planning to implement the Doha strategy some countries like U.S started demanding benefits for its testify economy in case they provide aid to LDCs.I agree WTO is meant to improve comprative advantage and so increase international trade. WTO has made progressive in balancing trade between developed countries and developing countries, however, for globalization to be achieved, WTO will have to lower export tarrrifs for LCDs. Also developed countries should provide a good political

Homework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Homework - Essay ExampleAlso, distributively individual tiles form would be hard to appreciate since it needs to be seen at a close range, which potful only happen if the observer has to climb up the roof and chew the fat each tile separately. Lastly, because of the changes observed with regards to the architectural designs of houses and buildings, clay roof tiles argon already rare and could well be forgotten by most of the general public, unless these people live in nonagenarian houses that becalm have them for roofs. A formalist perspective in finding aesthetic value for clay tiles toilette be used in order to explain how some commandments of aesthetic reasoning can be utilize to make people see these objects into works of art. Each clay tile or its grouping or arrangement can be described aesthetically using the second principle, which states that Objects are aesthetically of import if they express the values of the cultures they arise in, or the artists who make them. (Moore 464). While roof tiles have the same snuff it in various places around the world, the make and color of these tiles are distinguishable from one another, since it can be expected that topography, weather, and climate would contribute to these variations. But aside from these, there are as well as differences with respect to the different architectural styles of each place, due to the availability of other housing materials to complement the design of roofs. Such differences can contribute to the cultural aspects of seeing clay tiles as objects with aesthetic value since the identity of various cultures can be represented based on how different kinds of roof tiles are made and crafted by artisans or craftsmen in each location. Aside from the principle dealing with cultural identity, another principle that can also be used to describe and bring artistic and aesthetic attributes to clay tiles would be the seventh principle of aesthetic reasoning, which states that Objects are aesthetically valuable if they possess a special aesthetic (formal) property. (465). utilise the properties of unity and organization, clay roof tiles can be seen in another light by evoking onlookers a sense of unity and organization with regards to the arrangement of the tiles on the roof, as well as being properly-arranged, with no misplaced tile in sight. This can be much more appreciated in places where old buildings are still part of everyday living, such as the old houses in villas located in old towns such as Tuscany, Italy or in large Shinto or Buddhist temples in Japan. In analyzing clay roof tiles using formal properties and cultural perspectives, it is possible to make ordinary cover materials into pieces of art which can evoke senses of beauty and history, among other things. Thus, this paper uses the argument that clay roof tiles are able to depict the customs, traditions, and artistic sense of the culture from where it comes from by way of the tiles avatar and arr angement on the roofs of buildings. The cultural aspect of the use of

European Financial Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

European Financial Crisis - Essay ExampleSome countries such as Germany have espouse a very firm position on how to handle the situation which does not go puff up with other nations who have a contrary opinion (Hummel, 2013). There has been a slow as soundly as the indecisive response from the European decision-makers. The issues involve a large number of nations with different divergent approaches towards solving the crisis which has contributed to the slow pace of implementing the recommendations. Germany insisted on the adoption of stern actions aimed at reducing the budgetary deficits ground on the postp adeptment of other solutions. The slow response by the leaders allowed the problem to spread from one nation to another and the condition worsened at every instance. Those responsible for the crisis in the financial domain include the commercial banks that have continued to use riskier financial instruments that have led to banks becoming enervated in the sense that they h ave to use their personal funds to finance their huge deficits rather than loaning to other firms as well as households. The crisis is due to the continued problems witnessed in the banking sector across sinless Europe. The banks have been deemed to be susceptible to changes in the financial sector (Doyran, 2011). The political class is responsible for the crisis in the government due to their hard and tough stance towards the coming up with solutions to the crisis. The political leaders ar responsible for the violation of the set rules governing the operations of the European Union.

Every Child Matters Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Every Child Matters - Literature review ExampleThe Children Act 2004 obliges schools and childrens inspection and repair agencies and other agencies, such as police, prisons and NHS trusts to protect children and promote their welfare. The agenda includes everything from maltreatment, neglect, violence and sexual exploitation, accidental injury, and death, bully and discrimination, to umbrage and antisocial behavior. The areas of focus have been an educational failure, ill wellness, substance addiction, teenage pregnancy, abuse and neglect, crime and anti-social behavior among children and young people.The policy includes five main aims of focus - be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, contrive a positive contribution to society and achieve economic wellbeing. The aims of the program have been good health (mental and physical, health lifestyles), skills development, community and society participation, economic well-being, creating Sure nonplus Childrens Centres in at-risk ne ighborhoods. The Sure Start childrens centre programme offers early learning opportunities for children. The program is based on the belief that high-quality play and books at early age help in further learning effort at later stages of schooling. This helps to aim early learning abilities of children and prevent any possible defects. Along with other planned activities the policy aimed to procession child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) through creation of a Young packs Fund. The policy also targets improvement of speech and language therapy. There are also many other activities planned to boost the level of child protection and development.

Aging population Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Aging commonwealth - Essay ExampleIt secondly followed by south Dakota, which has 10% of youth aged between 20-24 .The youth unemployment rate in this reconcile is only 8.4%.the Third descend falls to Lowa state. It has a low rate of 11% of unemployed youths (Christine, pg.3).increase mellowness, migration and mortality rate always have tremendous effects on the overall pattern of quite a little in America. Like in Lowa state, the population is mainly composed of youth due to the increased fertility rate. Majority of Lowa youths marries at an average of 20 three years compared to the typical American average of twenty five years. This leads to increased birth rate across the state thus leading to the increased number of young people. Secondly economic trends have an impact on the age structure (Christine, pg.3).In numerous states like Lowa and Dakota has attracted many young people due to the employment opportunities they offer. This has attracted many young unemployed Americ ans in these states thus leading to increase of the young group in these states. California has been affected by both(prenominal) internal and international migration. It has faced steady outflow of young people looking for jobs in early(a) states. As these younger people move north and west in search for jobs, the older population is left behind. This has made Florida to have large proportion of older people compared to other

The Strategic Management of Healthcare Organizations Assignment

The Strategic Management of Healthcare Organizations - Assignment ExampleThe tec states that Pitney Bowes believed that when the employees are healthy, there will be less time worn-out(a) emergeside work when the employee is out there looking for health care or attending to doctor appointments. Because of this realization, it decided to increase the morsel of funds that are allocated for the employee healthcare management with the aim of reducing the overall overhead cost that is incurred when the employee is by from work due to health issues. At Pitney Bowes, the employee health management strategy is basically made up of four components. The first component is the heavy investment in the employee health management faculty. The firm has spent a fortune in the employee management staff. The second component is the use of data to shapes its plan, benefits, and programs. The organization relies on healthcare data to be able to come up with plans, benefits, and programs which will effectively serve the intend purpose. The third component is the focus on rubber care. Preventing the health-related issues is cheaper than curing the conditions. The firm strives to prevent the conditions before they occur. The ordinal and final component of this strategy is offering choices and flexibility. This has gone a long way in ensuring the mean goals of the plans are achieved. The management at Pitney Bowes has taken an aggressive approach when it comes to health management. The main objective has been the lessening of cost while at the same time improving outcomes. Data over the years appears to gift the effectiveness of the strategy that has been used by this firm. It has enabled them to reduce the cost associated with treating employees and also eliminating expenses that are incurred due to absenteeism from work. This has therefore positively added value to the firm. As indicated earlier, the health plan selection and plan figure are establish on four main compon ents which are heavy investment in staff, focus on preventive care, use of data to influence design and flexibility. Pitney Bowes believes that the upfront investment in the analysis of the plan design is much more offset by the overall healthcare cost. It utilizes large health employee management staff coupled with a data-driven approach to effectively offering the required and effective health management, design plan.

Re David Thompson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Re David Thompson - Essay ExampleHe was attended to by DI. He underwent to treatment to his right inwardness but was told that the operation was only partly unsuccessful. On August 12, he returned once more, but was again told that the operation was only partially successful. On August 19, he returned for treatment on his left eye, and this yielded completely satisfactory results. Additional treatment on his left eye was conducted on September 29. This operation was done both by DI and DB. It was during this visit that complications arose. Mr. David Johnson was advised that there was a problem as his cornea has been penetrated. In a subsequent examination by DI, he was told that his corneal flurry had been damaged and that a corneal graft was probably necessary. He was referred to Dr. Singh (GS) at the Grafton infirmary in Oxford.3. Mr. David Johnson has had several operations and procedures to correct the damage to the cornea, beginning with the stitching the damaged corneal fla p on September 30, 2003 and culminating in a corneal graft on September 24, 2004. The sight on the right eye is still problematic. He is on the NHS waiting list to have a butt on lens implant. After the operation at Eye Right, he experienced pain due to juiceless eye, reduced and disturbed sight and very poor night mess. Until the corneal graft, he could not drive. His vision was unbalanced as his left eye was normal. He became solely dependent on his family. He became disposed to headaches and fatigue and was unable to work for 6 months, although he received sick leave pay. He has since returned to his phone line as librarian, earning 32,575 p.a. (net). He still requires constant application of eye lubricant to counteract the dry eye syndrome, I.e., one NHS prescription per month. He must wear special glaze costing 195.00 and dark glasses in the sun costing 105.00.4. According to

Marketing - Microsoft Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing - Microsoft Case Study - Essay exercisingThe strongest companies with truly innovative concepts survived and into the 21st century. The turn of the century continued to be trigger by the earnings and higher broadband speeds created the birth of what economist called the convergence age. The convergence era is defined by the devote of previously distinct media distribution channels broadcast, cable, radio, print, online into one single media delivery chain that supports a set about of interactive modes between users and content (Pricewatercoopers, 2006).Microsoft is the biggest software manufacturer in the world. The alliance has a rich 32 old history in which they have help revolutionize the IT attention. The company has changed a dole out in last five years and has implemented new business strategies which diversified its portfolio of product offerings. The company revenues in 2006 were $44,282 million, which represents a 56.11% revenue increase in comparison wit h 2002 (Annual Report Microsoft, 2006). There have been a lot of changes in the IT industry. A lot of them have to do with worlds entrance into the convergence age. The company is adapting to the trend and is focusing on launching products based on the market tendencies.There are a lot of exciting developments occurring in the IT industry. In 2006 the IT market generated $3.1 trillion in revenues (Info Tech Industry Overview, 2007). The industry is expanding and new products, concepts and ideas are revolutionizing the industry. A lot of the hottest trends in this industry are aligned with the start of the convergence age. Security is a big issue as more and more users entered the internet and are utilizing it for practice related tasks and for their ecommerce needs. The latest tallies of the size of the online population revealed that as of late November 2006 there were 1.76 billion online users globally

Answer the two thought experiments 'the direction of happiness' and Essay

Answer the cardinal thought experiments the flush of rejoicing and the experience machine. Based on your answers to the thoug - Essay ExampleIn his argument against hedonism, philosopher Robert Nozick used the thought experiments found on the direction of happiness and the experience machine as he attempted to answer this question. The intuitive feeling of hedonism, which is manifested by the belief that joy should be the ultimate purpose of keep, disregards the provisions of a meaningful life. By showing that there are more values to life than happiness, this paper will answer the two thought experiments and discuss what happiness is and whether a happy life is the same thing as a meaningful life. Nozick uses the model of a machine capable of giving people the experience of whatever their desires and pleasures are, which cannot be distinguished from those that can be experienced a routine from such machines. People would have a survival of the fittest to live inside the mach ine and experience all their pleasures or outside in a unhorse degree of pleasure. Under such circumstances, where hedonism would opine that the sole intrinsic value is pleasure, most people would contain to remain plugged in to the experience machine. That would show a preference of a more engaging but less meaningful life than a less harming and more meaningful one. However, accord to the concept of direction of happiness, the amount of happiness in different lives is exactly the same, only that one tends to run upwards with increasing happiness while the other slopes downwards with declining happiness. Mistakenly, people would still choose the life with happiness that slopes upwards. It is a mistaken choice because people still care and are concerned around their connection with reality, and it is the factor that the experience machine lacks. People still want their experiences to develop from reality instead than fantasy even if both feel the same. From this, it can be s aid that what people ultimately prove in life are not merely feelings of pleasure, but also to be in a particular way. Feelings of happiness and pleasure are desirable but not enough. People would want to go beyond the simple experience of doing things and actually do them. Therefore, there are more values than happiness and experiences of doing things. The experiences of the experience machine only limit people to their own man-made realities that are constructed within the bourne of their perceived important values. Although the experiences of reality may be simulated by the experience machine, no conflict is made with deeper and meaningful reality. When one envisages an experience machine and then appreciate that they would not use it, they apprehend that there are other things that matter more than experiences. The definition of happiness provides that it must contain meaning, pleasure and engagement. The part of meaning is in reference to the contribution to a broader caus e while pleasure comprises the part of feeling good. Although a happy life and meaningful life have overlapping aspects, they are basically distinct and a happy life is not necessarily a meaningful one. Happiness may occur as either or both emotional and mental well-being that is characterized by pleasant and positive feelings, which have different meanings to different people because it is quite a subjective matter. It can be a spontaneous feeling caused by positive emotions and last for a moment, as well as a continuous one. The overlap between a happy and meaningful life is mainly manifested by the fact that meaningfulness is among the causal factors

Critique Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critique - Research Paper ExampleThe use of redeeming(prenominal)s and services of power or physical force in the description of violence widens its nature and broadens its conventional control condition to include acts that result from intimidation, power relationship and threats. The inclusion of power in the definition as well as includes acts of slackness or neglect, as well acts of commission. Thus, physical force in this definition should be used and still to cover aspects of sexual, physical, psychological abuse, and neglect as well as acts of abuse and suicide. Violence adverts are very much classified into broad categories depending on the target group. Some of the famous classifications include gender violence, where a contest involves a male and a womanish party sexual violence, where either male or female is forced to chip in sexual advances with either of the parties domestic violence, where there is a fight at family direct involving husband and wife or child ren (Jones, 1996). This paper hence seeks to criticize violence ads involving the mentioned classifications. In this ad, the tiger is at gun point. This shows how people kill the animals without any cause. However, sometimes the cleanup positions result from personal defense which is non effectively presented in this ad of wildlife violence. Human beings are depicted as the aggressors. They are often involve in assigning an violent actions to the wildlife. This is what this ad presents. It shows that the person holding the tiger at gun point is doing so without a proximate cause. Its like that was his main aim. On the other hand, the wildlife violence ad presents tiger as a humble animal without any harm or scare. It is like the tiger was not bear on with the person, and therefore it its the persons fault to shoot a tiger that is innocent and not interested in attacking him at any point. These adverts mostly read people kill animals. other(a) people have even associated wildli fe violence with masculinity in various studies involving popular culture. Other scholars have suggested in such ads that the substitution of desire with violence has become a predominant aspect of joyousness construction. The adverts also connect aggression with violence against wildlife. It is difficult to find fair wildlife ads without human beings being implicated as the aggressors. Violence is generalized in most ads and indicates that animals are the ones targeted with bane and killing. Ads have been associated with shock callable to the claims by some people that products are sold best in saturated markets with shock. Therefore majority of wildlife violence ads are a mere reflection of consumer shock desire. This makes the wildlife activists shocked that the actions in the ads really exist. They also indicate animals to be the ones targeted in the violence ads by human beings, they fails to consider that in most cases, the killing may be out of fear or defense. Hence, the ad seeks sympathy for the tiger from consumers (Kellerman, 2005). In this ad of wildlife violence, the tiger seems to be in its own business in the jungle, but the person is implicated as the perpetrator. The message to human beings in this ad is to take an active role to protecting wildlife and creating a good human wildlife relationship without violence. People are also urged in this ad to observe the need for rate in relationships with the wildlife. The ad effectively presents how the wildlife are targeted by human beings without any cause. In fact the ad appeals emotionally to